abstract：:The International Continence Society has defined overactive bladder (OAB) as urinary urgency, with or without urge urinary incontinence, usually with urinary frequency and nocturia. Approximately 17% of men and women in the US report OAB symptoms, which can affect quality of life. Trospium chloride, which has recently...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Zinner NR

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thymomas and thymic carcinoma are rare neoplasms. Surgical resection is the cornerstone of effective therapy. Stage I disease is effectively treated by complete surgical resection. The role of radiation therapy in completely resected stage II disease remains controversial. Adjuvant radiation therapy is useful for loca...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Papadopoulos KP,Thomas CR Jr

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until recently, atorvastatin was known only as a new but more potent statin ('me too' drug) for lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. In the last 2 years, data has become available on nearly 32,000 patients, in clinical settings ranging from primary prevention to acute coronary syndromes. These trials show the...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Ray KK,Cannon CP

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) affects approximately 1% of individuals > 60 years. Of these PD patients approximately 40% suffer dementia in later life. Levodopa is commonly used in the treatment of PD. Experimental evidence suggests that the dopamine synthesised from levodopa may contribute to the further degeneration of d...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Doggrell SA

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus (DM) include pregestational DM and gestational DM, defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity first detected during pregnancy. DM leads to poor pregnancy outcome. The aim of treatment is to control maternal hyperglycaemia and to imitate postprandial insulin re...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： González C,Santoro S,Salzberg S,Di Girolamo G,Alvariñas J

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple approaches to enhancing antidepressant treatment response in bipolar depression are available and should, in many instances, be explored despite a lack of definitive controlled trial literature supporting their efficacy. Given that the morbidity of depression is three times greater than mania in bipolar illne...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Post RM

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin glulisine (Apidra, Sanofi-Aventis), a new and recently approved rapid-acting insulin analogue, mimics the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles of physiological human insulin, but has a rapid onset, peak effect at 1h, and a shorter duration of action (approximately 4 h). Its rapid-action properties are ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Garg SK,Ellis SL,Ulrich H

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A systemic and endemic emerging mycosis in Latin America, paracoccidioidomycosis, is characterised by its chronicity and by the severity of the disseminated form in healthy individuals, as well as in immunocompromised individuals co-infected with HIV, resulting, in the latter, in a mortality rate in the range of 30 - ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Yasuda MA

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE-Is) are an evidence-based treatment for patients who after myocardial infarction (MI) present with either heart failure (HF) or left ventricular systolic dysfunction, or both. An alternative could be a more complete inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system through the bl...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Maggioni AP,Fabbri G

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The availability of antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of HIV infection. In addition, improved treatment of opportunistic infections and comorbidities common to patients with HIV is further prolonging the lives of patients. Improvement in the treatment of HIV has led to a sign...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Robertson SM,Penzak SR,Pau AK

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, hepatitis C virus-related arthritis (HCVrA) has been recognised as an autonomous rheumatic disorder. Two subsets of the disease have been identified: a polyarthritis involving small joints that resembles rheumatoid arthritis, but is usually milder, and a mono-oligoarthritis that shows an intermittent ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Palazzi C,Olivieri I,Cacciatore P,Pennese E,D'Amico E

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hyperlipidaemia is a pivotal risk factor for the development of atherosclerotic disease. A large number of studies have demonstrated that the treatment of abnormalities in lipoprotein levels reduces the risk for myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular disease, carotid artery disease, stroke, and cardiovascular mort...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Toth PP,Davidson MH

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One vaccine designed to prevent cancer by preventing a precursor infection is already in common use, and at least one more is in the latter stages of clinical development. These vaccines are part of a new era of cancer immunoprophylaxis. Several further vaccines are in preclinical and clinical development, targeted at...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Frazer I

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing need for economic evaluations of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) treatments exists. We performed a literature review on the currently available NHL economic evaluations, using PubMed and the Cochrane database. English and Dutch language papers on treatment in adults were selected. A total of 88 publications...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： van Agthoven M,Uyl-de Groot CA,Sonneveld P,Hagenbeek A

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sildenafil revolutionised the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) on its introduction in 1998. Not only is it effective, but is, perhaps even more importantly, an extremely acceptable manner in which to treat ED (i.e., oral pharmacotherapy), compared to the other treatments that were available at that time (e.g., i...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Anderson PC,Gommersall L,Hayne D,Arya M,Patel HR

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of cancer deaths in women. The majority of patients present with advanced disease and relapse after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy; therefore, many proceed to treatment with salvage chemotherapy. Currently available treatment options are generally no longer curative in...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Ahmad T,Gore M

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Negative symptoms are core features of schizophrenia that respond poorly to first-generation antipsychotics and present a major obstacle in rehabilitation. Patients may be somewhat more responsive to clozapine and second-generation antipsychotics but even then, considerable impairment remains. This paper reviews the u...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Silver H

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Developments in the role of adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the treatment of patients with breast cancer have focused on the taxes, in particular, docetaxel. This paper discusses the rationale for the introduction of docetaxel into the management of patients following surgery and also its role in those patie...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Heys SD,Sarkar T,Hutcheon AW

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neoplastic meningitis (NM) is a debilitating complication of cancer that occurs when tumour cells infiltrate the leptomeninges. Treatment often includes direct installation of chemotherapy into the cerebrospinal fluid either by lumbar puncture or the use of a ventricular reservoir, radiation therapy, systemic chemothe...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Armstrong TS,Gilbert MR

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seborrhoeic dermatitis (SD) is a recurrent, chronic inflammation of the skin that occurs on sebum rich areas such as the face, scalp and chest, characterised by red scaly lesions. The are many studies indicating that Malassezia yeasts play an important role in the aetiology of this condition, most of the evidence for ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Gupta AK,Kogan N

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a frequent disease leading to functional impairment and socioeconomic burden. Anti-TNF-alpha therapy has brought new perspectives in this condition. Two agents are currently used in the treatment of AS and spondyloarthropathies - infliximab (a chimeric monoclonal antibody) and etanercept...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Wendling D,Toussirot E

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alprazolam-XR is an extended-release formulation of alprazolam designed to deliver sustained therapeutic concentrations for 24 h after once-daily dosing. Plasma concentrations gradually decline as the time for the next dose approaches, but still remain above therapeutic minimum levels. The anti-panic efficacy of alpra...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Rickels K

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary cancer of bone. When treated by surgery alone, it is almost invariably followed by metastatic dissemination and death. This dismal prognosis can be improved dramatically by including chemotherapy in an interdisciplinary regimen. Today, two-thirds of patients with localised ext...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Bielack SS,Machatschek JN,Flege S,Jürgens H

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The long-term beta-blockade strategy with carvedilol, metoprolol succinate or bisoprolol is now strongly recommended to reduce the rates of mortality and morbidity in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). Although the benefits observed with such drugs are viewed as a class effect, theoretically, carvedilol might ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Di Lenarda A,Sabbadini G,Moretti M,Sinagra G

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dermatomyositis is traditionally classified as one of the idiopathic inflammatory myopathies. The traditional approach to the management of patients with dermatomyositis focuses predominantly on end points related to the systemic manifestations of this disorder, especially proximal muscle weakness resulting from myosi...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Sontheimer RD

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic [corrected] lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive degenerative condition of motor neurons that is ultimately fatal. Even though scientific discovery over the past few decades has led to a greater understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of ALS, effective pharmacotherapy intended to slow, arrest or rev...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Weiss MD,Weydt P,Carter GT

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glatiramer acetate (Copaxone, Teva Pharmaceuticals Ltd) is a collection of immunomodulatory, synthetic polypeptides indicated for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RR MS). Preclinical and clinical studies provide an evolving understanding of the mechanisms by which glatiramer acetate exerts both...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Wolinsky JS

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The 1st International Conference on Psychophysiology of Panic Attacks focused on the diversity of treatments and theories in this complex condition. Experimental research topics were featured, as well as treatment strategies, case studies and patient perspectives. The conference aimed to create a strong multi-cultural...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Perry D

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recognising the value added by economic evaluations of clinical trials and the interaction of clinical, humanistic and economic end points, the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) has developed an Outcomes Model that guides the comprehensive assessment of this triad of end points. This paper will focus on the econ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Konski A,Watkins-Bruner D,RTOG (Radiation Therapy Oncology Group) Outcomes Model.

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erectile dysfunction (ED) has serious negative consequences on both sexual experience and emotional well being and affects a broad range of age groups. The prevalence of ED is associated with increasing age and has been reported to be as high as 70%. Although the disorder is common and underdiagnosed, its treatment ca...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Becher E

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the revolutionary introduction of antibiotic therapy in the post-World War II era, primary care physicians continue to struggle with the issue of optimal treatment strategies for bacterial infection and the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance. The aggressive use of potent agents as first-line therapy m...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Nicolau DP

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One of the most significant advances of the last decade has been the development of platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors. A large series of randomised, controlled clinical trials of these agents have shown a significant reduction in ischaemic events, not only in acute coronary syndrome patients, but...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Anne G,Gruberg L

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following Huggins' original observation of the dependence of the prostate on androgens, testosterone suppression by either orchiectomy or oestrogen compounds (e.g., diethylstilbesterol [DES]) became the standard palliative treatment for advanced prostate cancer. Early studies showed testosterone suppression improved s...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Perez-Marrero R,Tyler RC

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing burden of cardiovascular diseases in developed, as well as developing countries, underscores the need for the more widespread and appropriate use of aspirin in secondary prevention of occlusive vascular events during acute evolving myocardial infarction (MI) and in primary prevention. Aspirin should be ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Williams A,Hennekens CH

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary and secondary prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) are the major roles of anti-thrombotic therapy in patients with cancer. Although the choices of pharmacological agents remain limited, low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) offer important advantages over traditional anticoagulants. For prophylaxis in th...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Lee AY

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overactive bladder has been successfully treated with oral anticholinergic drugs such as oxybutynin chloride. Although oral oxybutynin has been effective in controlling urinary urge incontinence and in decreasing incontinence episodes, adverse events, particularly dry mouth, often cause patients to discontinue oral th...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Davila GW

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interstitial cystitis is a clinical condition occurring predominantly in women characterised by irritative voiding symptoms in the form of urinary frequency, urgency and pain. Patient symptoms have the potential to significantly affect quality of life, posing a challenge to some to perform activities of daily living. ...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Lukban JC

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sertraline (Zoloft, Pfizer Inc.) is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) which has been approved by the US FDA for the treatment of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). PMDD is a severe form of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) which affects at least 5 - 8% of women of reproductive age. It is characterised by...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Halbreich U,Kahn LS

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At least two factors relating to pain management using oral analgesics suggest that combination strategies merit consideration: many pains arise from more than one physiological cause and current analgesics have adverse effect profiles that might be reduced by combination with another agent in smaller doses or with le...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Raffa RB,Clark-Vetri R,Tallarida RJ,Wertheimer AI

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonatal herpes is a potentially devastating consequence of perinatal transmission of the herpes simplex virus (HSV), with significant morbidity and mortality. Treatment options are available, but must begin early in disease with manifestations that are often protean. Thus, preventive measures need to be optimised. An...

journal_title：Expert opinion on pharmacotherapy

authors： Leung DT,Sacks SL

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00